Sunday, 3 November 2013

Minority girls less likely to have cervical cancer jab

Minority girls less likely to have cervical cancer jab

Nurses vaccinating a girl with the HPV jabThe HPV vaccine is offered to all 12 to 13-year-old girls

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Girls from black and Asian ethnic minorities are less likely to be vaccinated against cervical cancer, research suggests.
In a survey by University College London of 2,000 teenagers from 13 London schools, unvaccinated girls also said they would be less likely to go for a smear test when adults.
The HPV vaccine is offered to all girls aged 12-13 in schools across the UK.
Girls who are not vaccinated have an increased risk of cervical cancer.
Sara Hiom, Cancer Research UK's director of early diagnosis, said it was important that as many girls as possible were protected.
"It's vital that girls, along with their parents, understand the importance of both these programmes, which are designed to prevent cancer from developing.
"As well as cervical cancer, research has shown that HPV also increases the risk of developing other cancers, such as some types of mouth, head and neck cancers, anal cancer and other genital cancers."
'Knowledge about the disease'
The HPV vaccine was introduced in the UK in 2008, with a national vaccination programme for girls in Year 8 at school. To be fully protected, girls need to receive three doses of the vaccine within six months.
Cervical cancer is largely preventable through vaccination against HPV, the virus that causes it, as well as cervical screening in adulthood, which picks up any problems early.

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We need to understand the reasons for ethnic inequalities in uptake, as well as working to ensure that unvaccinated women understand the importance of cervical screening”
Dr Jo WallerUniversity College London lead researcher
In the UCL survey, 85% of white girls said they had received the three doses, compared with 78% of Asian, 74% of "other" ethnicity and 69% of black girls.
The findings, being presented at a National Cancer Research Institute conference in Liverpool, also revealed there was no link between the vaccine status of the girls who were surveyed and their level of sexual activity.
Laura Marlowe, a researcher at UCL, said religious beliefs could have a part to play in the lower uptake figures for Asian girls but they could not explain the figures for the black girls.
Dr Jo Waller, lead researcher at UCL, said more research was needed to find out why there was a difference between ethnic groups.
"We need to understand the reasons for ethnic inequalities in uptake, as well as working to ensure that unvaccinated women understand the importance of cervical screening."
Jo's Cervical Cancer Trust has carried out research into awareness of cervical cancer among ethnic minority groups and charity director Robert Music said its results showed "a clear difference in levels of knowledge about the disease and ways to prevent it".
Pre-cancerous changes
He said: "Less than half of black and minority ethnic women knew the human papillomavirus causes cervical cancer."
The findings also showed that a third more black and minority ethnic than white women said they had never attended a cervical screening appointment.
Around five million women are invited for cervical screening in England each year when a smear test looks for pre-cancerous changes in the cells lining the cervix.
The tests are routinely offered to women aged 25 to 64.
In Scotland, the age at which women are first offered a cervical screening test will be raised from 20 to 25 in 2015.
From September, women in Wales are now being invited for smear tests when they reach 25. This is because research concluded that screening women under 25 was not an effective way of preventing cervical cancer.

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Saturday, 2 November 2013

Improve your food or close, hospitals told

Improve your food or close, hospitals told

HOSPITALS and care homes will be forced to improve their food under plans to give a new watchdog powers to monitor nutrition.
By Louise Barnett
Consumer Editor

They could even be threatened with closure if found persistently failing to provide decent food.
The move follows the _
Daily Express Respect for the Elderly campaign highlighting the poor quality of hospital food.
DAILY
EXPRESS

CRUSADE

The number of patients discharged from hospital suffering malnutrition has risen dramatically since Labour came to power.

A total of 139,127 were discharged malnourished in 2006-07, an 84 per cent increase on 1997-98.
Now Ministers are consulting on including hospital and care home food under the new Care Quality Commission’s remit.
Health Minister Ben Bradshaw said: “A good, varied diet is all the more important when you are poorly. We want to see more hospitals and care homes emulating the best.”
Last year the Government unveiled plans to tackle malnutrition among elderly patients amid concerns that nurses were failing to help patients to eat. The measures involved nurses being assessed on basic nutrition knowledge as part of their training.    Research shows malnourished patients stay in hospital longer and are three times as likely to have complications in surgery.
Ministers have been impressed with improved recovery rates at hospitals in Cornwall, where local produce is served. London’s Royal Brompton hospital has also been praised for its mainly organic menu.
The Daily Express campaign has found that many patients are too sick to feed themselves and, without help from nurses, do not eat their meals. There are fears that guidelines requiring patients to be monitored for malnutrition are not always followed.
Hospitals spend as little as 50p a head on patients’ meals, less than the average 62p spent on prison meals.

Friday, 1 November 2013

Poultry markets in China 'are vast bird flu reservoir'

Poultry markets in China 'are vast bird flu reservoir'

Live poultry market

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Closing live poultry markets in China dramatically curtailed the spread of a novel strain of bird flu this year, according to an analysis.
The report, published in the Lancet, showed shutting the markets cut the number of new cases of H7N9 bird flu by 97%.
It said the future of the markets, a millennia-old culture in China, needed to be reassessed.
Experts said the markets can become a reservoir of viruses.
There have been 137 cases of H7N9 bird flu and 45 deaths, according to the World Health Organization.
However, most were in the months immediately after the virus was found to be moving from infecting animals to people.
'Robust evidence' Live poultry markets rapidly became linked with the outbreak. Nearly 800 markets were then shut across Shanghai, Hangzhou, Huzhou, and Nanjing.
It allowed scientists to analyse the role of the markets in the spread of the virus.
Dr Benjamin Cowling, one of the researchers at the University of Hong Kong, said: "Our findings confirm that live poultry market closure is a highly effective intervention to prevent human disease and protect public health.

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The H7N9 virus has continued to circulate and now has the potential to re-emerge in a new outbreak of human disease this winter”
End Quote Dr Benjamin Cowling University of Hong Kong
"Without this robust evidence, policymakers would struggle to justify further closures of live poultry markets because of the millennia-old culture of trading live birds and the potential huge economic loss on the poultry industry in China."
The Lancet report said the markets should be "rapidly" closed in areas where the bird flu emerged and that discussions on the role of the markets "should be renewed".
Guillaume Fournie and Dirk Pfeiffer, of the Royal Veterinary College in the UK, said: "If birds spend a sufficient amount of time in live poultry markets to become infected and transmit the virus to other susceptible birds, sustained virus circulation in the live poultry markets can occur.
"Live poultry markets can then become a permanent source of infection for poultry flocks and for people who are in loose contact with infected poultry."
Two cases of H7N9 bird flu have been reported in October.
Dr Cowling said: "These are the first laboratory-confirmed cases of H7N9 this autumn, five months after the outbreak earlier in 2013.
"This is of great concern because it reveals that the H7N9 virus has continued to circulate and now has the potential to re-emerge in a new outbreak of human disease this winter."

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Thursday, 31 October 2013

Abertawe Bro Morgannwg health board faces neglect review

Abertawe Bro Morgannwg health board faces neglect review

Lilian Williams from Porthcawl died at the Princess of Wales Hospital in Bridgend in 2012

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The serious neglect of an elderly patient at two hospitals has led to a pledge from Wales' health minister for a review into a health board.
The family of Lilian Williams from Porthcawl said she was left dehydrated.
She was admitted to Princess of Wales Hospital, Bridgend, and Neath Port Talbot Hospital four times from August 2010 to November 2012, when she died.
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University Health Board (ABMU) says it has robust measures in place to deliver safe care.
Mrs Williams was first admitted to hospital in 2010.
Her family complained the the health board about the way she had been treated at hospital claiming she had been left nil by mouth for several days leading to dehydration.
An inquiry was ordered which did not happen.
Two years later, Mrs Williams was readmitted but died at hospital.
Lilian WilliamsThe family of Lilian Williams have criticised the care she received
Concerns about how the hospital treated her were again raised and a review did take place with the health board admitting that she had been unnecessarily sedated and medication was not administered.
It led to Health Minister Mark Drakeford meeting her family earlier this month, and in a letter seen by BBC Wales, said the independent review into ABMU will cover:

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I would find that she had been left nil by mouth for several days until she was weak and wasn't able to lift a glass of water to her mouth”
Gareth WilliamsSon of patient Lilian Williams
  • How professional nursing standards are protected and delivered consistently, and determine how the health board responds to lapses in delivery of these standards
  • The culture of care, particularly focusing on the care of older patients in the medical wards
  • Responding to complaints, particularly looking at how complaints are handled by the health board and how professionals are held to account for lapses in care identified through investigation of complaints, including protection of vulnerable adults (Pova) investigations
  • Administration and recording of medicines, particularly looking at how medicines are given to patients who are cognitively impaired or have other challenges in taking medicines orally
Mr Drakeford also said he is considering the case for an independent review of how the 'Putting Things Right' NHS complaints and redress policy is being implemented in NHS organisations.
He said the review by Cynon Valley MP Ann Clwyd of complaint procedures in the NHS in England would be used to inform any work to improve the way complaints are handled in Wales.
"I wrote to Mr Williams, setting out what I intend to do in response to the concerns he raised with me at our recent meeting," said the minister.
"We will now be drawing up more detailed terms of reference for an independent review into certain areas of practice within ABMU Health Board, involving the senior and independent figure who we have asked to help lead this work.
"A statement will be made when that has been completed."
Darren Millar AM, shadow minister for health, welcomed the review but said a full inquiry was needed "to prevent any more vulnerable people from suffering horrific neglect and mistreatment".
'Nil by mouth'
When Mrs Williams was first admitted to hospital in 2010, her family complained to the health board.
Her son Gareth Williams said the treatment his mother received in hospital was appalling.
"Quite often I'd go in to visit her and I would find that she had been left nil by mouth for several days until she was weak and wasn't able to lift a glass of water to her mouth, she was dehydrated," he said.
"We sat by her bedside until her tongue swelled up and cracked and her lips split open for want of hydration.
"She became delirious at first, then barely conscious, almost coma-like."
At the time, the ABMU health board said it carried out a Pova investigation. However, the family was not contacted for six months, and no Pova inquiry had been undertaken.
Problems developed again when Mrs Williams was readmitted to hospital in 2012.
This time, concerns were raised with social services, and a Pova investigation did take place.
The health board admitted giving unnecessary sedation and failing to administer prescribed medication.
Care failures
The board also failed to care for Mrs Williams' leg, which had undergone amputation surgery, including failing to remove her false leg.
"We explained how her prosthesis could be taken off and showed them the bag of clean amputation socks that we'd taken in for her," explained her son.
"When I complained that she was having unnecessary sedation, they said it was because she was screaming at night.
"When I asked her why she was screaming at night, she told me that they hadn't taken her leg off in the two weeks that she'd been there."
Recommendations were put in place, but the family said there were similar issues when Mrs Williams was admitted to Neath Port Talbot hospital in August 2012.

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The health board already has a number of robust and pro-active measures underway to maximise the delivery of safe and high quality care for patients ”
ABMU Health Board
Then she was transferred to the Princess of Wales Hospital, where she died in November.
The family say they were told by staff that medication was being stopped as she was dying of pneumonia.
However, a coroner's report found her lungs to be free of chronic disease, and she had died of a heart attack.
South Wales Police have arrested three nurses from Princess of Wales Hospital on suspicion of the falsification of records. All have been suspended from duty.
'Key actions taken'
The ABMU board said it welcomed the review being commissioned by the health minister.
A spokesperson said: "The health board already has a number of robust and pro-active measures under way to maximise the delivery of safe and high quality care for patients at the Princess of Wales Hospital, and already these actions are producing positive results."
The board said death rates for the hospital were "now in line with other hospitals in Wales" and mortality rates for injuries such as hip fractures "now compare with the best in the UK".
It said a key action had been the launch of an external quality and safety review by the Advancing Quality Alliance (AQuA).
"We are not complacent however and we very much welcome the support of an additional external review alongside the AQuA review."
The board highlighted progress in nursing care at the Princess of Wales, with its advanced nurse practitioner team being named as the winners of the Nursing Times Award for care of older people on Wednesday.
On issues involving Neath Port Talbot Hospital, the spokesperson added: "We accept that there were issues around the care of an individual patient while she was an inpatient at Neath Port Talbot Hospital for a brief time and these clearly must be addressed.
"However, there are not high numbers of complaints about Neath Port Hospital generally, and the main category involves access-appointment issues rather than poor care."

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Wednesday, 30 October 2013

Perfect Day

Wednesday, 30 October 2013

Perfect Day

Lou Reed died of liver disease.
The legendary Velvet Underground frontman and pioneer of modern rock passed away on Sunday (27.10.13) aged 71, and it has now been confirmed he died of complications with his liver, which he had been suffering with for a year.
The 'Perfect Day' star had undergone a liver transplant in April and also had to cancel his Coachella Music and Arts Festival in California due to his illness.
The transplant initially appeared to be a success and Lou was looking forward to the future and to returning to performing.
He wrote on Facebook in June: ''I am a triumph of modern medicine, physics and chemistry. I am bigger and stronger than ever.''
However, more recently the singer and guitarist had taken a turn for the worse and when it was confirmed the disease had entered its final stages he refused further treatment and returned home.
His doctor, Charles Miller, told the New York Times: ''We all agreed that we did everything we could.''
Since the highly influential musician passed away, tributes have come flooding in from some of the most respected people in music.
His former Velvet Underground bandmate, John Cale, said: ''The world has lost a fine songwriter and poet ... I've lost my 'school-yard buddy'.''
David Bowie referred to Lou as a ''master'' while Talking Heads frontman David Byrne said: ''His work and that of the Velvets was a big reason I moved to New York and I don't think I'm alone there. We wanted to be in a city that nurtured and fed that kind of talent.''

Tuesday, 29 October 2013

Txikao

Population is rising and most people are now the Boas methods have shown how the :il can be blended successfully into their plan includes a period of acclimatization in which he is protected from the full ion. This is followed by a stage in which he lodcrn way of life at his own speed and own needs.
been plain sailing. It can take up to wo n a people who are fearful of contacting since all they may know of the civilizados noise of aeroplanes and sometimes that , the Tixikao, which once numbered over •ere down to fifty-three before Boas could they had suffered from an invasion by more i diamond-seekers, who had come down followed by federal police who were there found smuggling. A road had been opened imperative to transfer this hungry, frightened people to the Xingu Park. They themselves make the change but it took weeks to collect >ups together.
fifty-three Txikao, with their bundles and aboard a barge of the Brazilian Air Force wly towards the reserve. Time was allowed i fishing and bathing. Once, when they ing ground of their old enemies, they flung :s, grabbed their bows and arrows and battle. Nevertheless they arrived safe and Leonardo, one of the Park’s main camps, ; who were already settled there came to
  • PEOPLE NAME: TXIKAO OF BRAZIL
Credit: Anonymous
Map data ©2013 Google, INEGI, MapLink
PEID: 17161
ROP: 102098
Affinity Group: American Peoples
Affinity Bloc: Latin-Caribbean Americans
People Cluster: South American Indigenous
Language: Ikpeng - (txi)
Primary Religion: Ethnic Religions -
Country: Brazil
Population: 400
Global Population: 400

Engagement Status: Unengaged
Progress of the Gospel: No Evangelicals, Churches or Resources

Overview: The Txikao of Brazil have a population of 400. They are part of the South American Indigenous people cluster. This people group is found only in Brazil. Their primary language is Ikpeng - (txi). The primary religion practiced by the Txikao is ethnic religion. Ethnic religion is deeply rooted in a peoples ethnic identity and conversion essentially equates to cultural assimilation. Their GSEC status is 0, which means there are no evangelical Christians or churches among this people group and there is no access to evangelical print, audio, visual or human resources

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