Saturday 27 January 2018

How dangerous is amlodipine?

The medication the patient was given
Image captionThe patient was prescribed Amitriptyline but a Boots pharmacy gave him Amlodipine
A patient has described suffering "horrendous" symptoms for three days after a Boots pharmacy gave him the wrong medication.
The 51-year-old was prescribed a drug to help with his insomnia, but was given one for high blood pressure with a similar name.
He believes Boots pharmacy staff are overworked and this led to the mistake.
Boots said the pharmacy in Basingstoke was "fully staffed" and it took patient safety "very seriously".
The patient's symptoms lasted for three days and included a "nasty, thumping, unbearable headache" and "constant nausea".
He contacted the BBC following an investigation into the Nottingham-based company, in which some pharmacy staff said they were under too much pressure and feared mistakes would be made.
The man has been getting medication from the same pharmacy in Basingstoke every month for 14 years and said he had "seen the pattern of them being overwhelmed".
Boots sign outside store
Image captionThe patient said he went through a "horrendous" experience after Boots gave him the wrong medication
The person who gave him the wrong medication was "looking a bit frazzled", he said, and he "chalked it up to them being really stressed".
"It is shocking that this happened to me, and what I went through was horrendous," said the patient.
"Had that been someone else who took different medication to me, they could have died as a result."
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What happened to the patient?

  • 14 December - The patient was given the wrong medication - amlodipine instead of amitriptyline - at a Boots pharmacy in Basingstoke, Hampshire.
  • 17 December - He took two pills at bedtime but had a "nagging doubt" so googled the name, realised it was a completely different medication, then called 111 and was told he was on the "borderline beginning of toxicity".
  • 18 December - He "felt like someone was standing on my chest and I was having to take big deep breaths every few minutes throughout the entire night and following day as the medicine was making me feel like I couldn't catch my breath". By the afternoon he was feeling the same symptoms "with an added massive headache that had hit me when I woke up after a brief hour or so of sleep".
  • 19 December - His "nasty, thumping, unbearable headache" lasted until the afternoon and he "couldn't sleep hardly at all" during that time, "had absolutely no appetite and felt a constant nausea".
  • 20 December - He still had a "fuzzy muddled head" feeling, a constant pain in his right calf and a shortness of breath that caused him to periodically take "big deep sighing breaths to cope".
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This type of a mistake is known as a "dispensing error".
Three people died between May 2012 and November 2013 following dispensing errors at Boots pharmacies - Douglas Lamond, 86, who died in May 2012, Arlene Devereaux, who died on her 71st birthday in November 2012, and Margaret Forrest, 86, who died in November 2013.
Inquests and a fatal accident inquiry were held into the deaths, and understaffing was not found to have contributed to any of them.
Douglas, Arlene and MargaretImage copyrightFAMILY PHOTOS
Image captionDouglas Lamond, Arlene Devereux and Margaret Forrest died following dispensing errors at Boots pharmacies
The Basingstoke patient said: "From what I saw that day, when I was given the wrong medication, there clearly is a staffing issue.
"I noticed how the place was slammed with people waiting for their medication as does happen quite often.
"I noticed that as usual the queue went slowly because it seemed like the dispensing assistants at the counters were all mega busy."
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How dangerous is amlodipine?

Dr Rupert Payne from Bristol Medical School said it is "very difficult to know" whether the drug could have been fatal if the patient had carried on taking it, as patients can "vary considerably in the side effects they get with drugs".
"Virtually any drug is potentially fatal in overdose," he said.
Dr Payne said 10mg of amlodipine would be a "fairly standard dose". The patient took two 10mg pills, and the sticker on the packet advised him to take up to three.
"If it was two 10mg tablets he had, that would be more than the recommended dose and would be more likely to cause side effects," said Dr Payne.
"Common side effects in the short term could include sleeping difficulties, dizziness, headache, flushing and racing heart."
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Richard Bradley, pharmacy director for Boots UK, said: "Boots takes patient safety very seriously and I was sorry to hear about [the patient's] experience.
"I can assure you that this incident was reported to the Superintendent Pharmacist's Office when it was highlighted to the pharmacy team in Basingstoke and a local investigation has been undertaken.
"Pharmacies are generally busier in the run up to Christmas as patients want to make sure they have their medicines, but this particular pharmacy was fully staffed.
"We have been in touch with [the patient] directly to apologise and discuss his concerns; we have learned from his experience to put further measures in place in the pharmacy to help prevent this type of mistake happening in the future."

Monday 22 January 2018

Disabilities caused in babies by epilepsy drug a 'scandal'

Disabilities caused in babies by epilepsy drug a 'scandal'




Media captionBridget Buck was born with severe brain damage and spina bifida

An MP has said the harm caused to children after their mothers were given the epilepsy drug sodium valproate is an "extraordinary scandal".
It is thought about 20,000 children in the UK have been left with disabilities caused by valproate since the 1970s.
Norman Lamb MP said it was also "extraordinarily distressing" new research suggested medical problems could be passed through generations.
Sodium valproate, also known as Epilim, can be prescribed by doctors as a treatment for epilepsy and bipolar disorder.
It carries a risk of causing physical abnormalities, autism, low IQ and learning disabilities if babies are exposed to the drug while in the womb.
The Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) said the drug is "kept under constant review", while the Department of Health said it expects the MHRA to take further action if a review finds more can be done to highlight the risks associated with it.
Many parents have claimed they were not made aware of the risks from taking the treatment while pregnant, even after new safety warnings were introduced in 2016.

Sue Jenkinson
Image captionSue Jenkinson took sodium valproate while she was pregnant with her two daughters

Sue Jenkinson, from Liverpool, took the drug while she was pregnant and both of her two daughters developed foetal valproate syndrome.
They have since had their own children and they believe they are showing signs of the condition, despite neither taking valproate during their own pregnancies.
"It's because I took that medication, that's why my kids haven't got a normal life and they struggle every single day of their lives," Ms Jenkinson said.
Her grandson Ryan has medical problems including dyspraxia, learning difficulties and a bowel condition, and is being monitored by Professor of Clinical Neuropsychology Gus Baker.
Prof Baker said he is currently identifying Ryan's "strengths and weaknesses" and "trying to map them on to what we understand about sodium valproate and how it affects children".
"I'll probably be in a good position to provide a formulation of what I think has happened to him and what we might be able to do to ameliorate those difficulties that he is clearly having," he said.

Sue Jenkinson and her family
Image captionSue Jenkinson believes foetal valproate syndrome has been passed through three generations of her family

Mr Lamb, a former minister for care and support, is part of a campaign calling for the government to back compensation claims.
"We are in a good dialogue. The minister, Lord O'Shaughnessy, appears to be completely conscious of the need to stop this scandal continuing," he said.
In France, a charity-led campaign is being supported by the government and Mr Lamb has called for something similar "to happen here without delay".
The drug's maker Sanofi said valproate had been "made available to physicians to treat epileptic patients in the 1970s".
"It was and still is one of the most effective treatments for epilepsy, a serious and complex disease that can be potentially fatal to patients," it added.
The firm said it was "aware of the challenging situations faced by families with children with conditions that may be related to their mother's treatment with antiepileptic drugs".
However, they said the drug "has at all times been supplied in the UK with a warning of the risk of malformations in babies".

The warning which has been on the outside of valproate pill packets since last year in Britain
Image captionThis warning has been on the outside of valproate pill packets since 2016 in Britain

Research from Konkuk University in South Korea involving mice has also suggested disabilities caused by valproate could afflict successive generations within families.
Professor of Pharmacology Chan Young Shin said he found evidence "the compound could cause autism spectrum disorder trans-generationally".
The MHRA has said the study had "many limitations", but some families believe this has happened to them.
Mr Lamb said the research into whether the syndrome can pass between generations showed the consequences of taking valproate during pregnancy must be "extraordinarily distressing for the families affected".

Karen Buck
Image captionKaren Buck has been told her daughter Bridget only has months to live

Any potential help for affected families will probably be too late for Bridget Buck.
The 19-year-old, from Stanmore in north-west London, was born with severe medical problems including brain damage and spina bifida after her mother was prescribed sodium valproate.
"I do all Bridget's overall care. I think for Bridget, I talk for Bridget, I walk for Bridget. I live for Bridget," her mother Karen said.
Yet she has been told the speed her daughter is deteriorating means she will probably only have months to live.
"Mothers shouldn't have to bury their daughter, no mother should do that," she said.
A Department of Health and Social Care spokesperson said: "Patient safety is always our priority. We want to make sure doctors give women the right information when prescribing these drugs — that's why the medicines regulator is already reviewing how effective measures to highlight these risks have been.
"We expect them to take further action if they find that more can be done."

Friday 12 January 2018

suggests it could be the worst flu season for seven years.

Woman in bed with thermometer (Posed by model)Image copyrighHospitals in England are now seeing very high rates of patients with flu, according to Public Health England figures.
A sharp rise in cases seen by GPs in the past week - 
up 78% on the week before - suggests it could be the worst flu season for seven years.
But PHE said the current levels of flu were "not unprecedented".
Deaths from flu remained static with 27 in the past seven days.
Around 5,000 people were admitted to hospital with flu in the first week of January, based on PHE figures for 22 out of 137 trusts.
Prof Paul Cosford, medical director from Public Health England, said: "The levels of flu being seen are high and of course that is contributing to the pressures in the NHS, but they are not unprecedented levels."
He also suggested the coverage of the so-called Aussie flu outbreak was a little misleading, saying that while it was circulating at "significant" levels there were two other strains that were also causing problems.
These strains are an unknown type of influenza A and influenza B - which is normally a milder strain - but appears to be affecting older people in care homes.
The H3N2 strain - an influenza A virus - has been dubbed 'Aussie flu' because it is the same strain that recently caused big problems for Australia during their winter.
Bethany WalkerImage copyright
Image caption18-year-old Bethany Walker died after contracting the flu and developing pneumonia
This year's flu vaccine is designed to protect against this strain and some other ones.
Figures in Scotland show a doubling of flu cases in the past week but mortality rates related to the virus were still said to be low.
In Wales, a large rise in flu cases has prompted advice to stay away from some hospitals.
Graph showing flu hospitalisation rate
The rate of hospital admissions in England rose by over 50% in the first week of January to 7.38 per 100,000.
In the same week, the GP consultation rate was 37.3 per 100,000 compared to 21 per 100,000 the week before.
Nearly 22,000 patients went to see their GP with flu in the first week of 2018, the Royal College of GPs said, and there was also a rise in people seen with the common cold, acute bronchitis, respiratory system diseases and asthma.

Flu rates in England

GP consultation rates per 100,000 for flu-like illness. Tap or click for more details.
Legend for interactive map
Source: Public Health England
Map produced by Carto

What is flu?

Flu symptoms can come on very quickly and can last for a week or more.
Symptoms include a fever (temperature above 38C), aches, headache, tiredness, a chesty cough, tummy pain and loss of appetite.
Children can also get pain in their ears and appear lacking in energy.
Flu can be particularly unpleasant for certain people, such as the over-65s, pregnant women and those with other serious health conditions.
Health officials say getting the vaccine every year is the best way to protect against flu.

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