Showing posts with label Bird flu. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Bird flu. Show all posts

Sunday 1 June 2014

New H10N8 bird flu 'not imminent global threat'

New H10N8 bird flu 'not imminent global threat'

Influenza virus

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The latest type of bird flu detected in China, H10N8, does not pose an imminent global threat, say researchers.
There have been three reported cases and two deaths since December 2013.
UK Medical Research Council scientists analysed the molecular structure of the virus to show it did not share the characteristics of previous pandemics.
Instead they argued resources should be focused on other flu viruses that are emerging or are already present in South East Asia.
There are a number of bird flus that are making the jump from animals to humans.
The phenomenon is most notable in China, where there is a large population that culturally lives closely with birds, such as live poultry markets.
H7N9 emerged in March last year and there were more than a hundred cases in the first month. There is also the longstanding threat of H5N1 influenza, which kills nearly two in three people infected.
'Need to be aware'
The study on the latest bird flu to emerge, published by the journal Nature, analysed how well the surface of the virus could bind to human tissue - a key measure of how likely it is to spread.
It showed the H10N8 virus still had a clear preference for infecting birds rather than humans, a trait that it is likely would need to be reversed before it became a serious threat.
Dr John McCauley, the director of the World Health Organization Influenza Centre at the Medical Research Council's National Institute for Medical Research, told the BBC: "This has been a pretty rare event in one place in China. It highlights the need to be aware, but I don't think there's an imminent threat.
"There are higher priorities than H10N8. Other avian influenzas emerging in China or those around for the past 10 years pose a more significant threat than H10N8."

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Wednesday 5 February 2014

China has already been coping with an outbreak of a similar influenza virus called H7N9

New strain of 'deadly' bird flu


Avian influenzaExperts are concerned that the virus could mutate to spread far and wide

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Experts are concerned about the spread of a new strain of bird flu that has already killed one woman in China.
The 73-year-old from Nanchang City caught the H10N8 virus after visiting a live poultry market, although it is not known for sure if this was the source of infection.
A second person has since become infected in China's Jiangxi province.
Scientists told The Lancet the potential for it to become a pandemic "should not be underestimated".

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Previously we did not think that H7N9 infections might be so lethal. Now we also must consider H10N8 infections as well”
Dr John McCauleyDirector of the WHO Collaborating Centre for Influenza
This particular strain of influenza A virus has not been seen before.
In recent months, China has already been coping with an outbreak of a similar influenza virus called H7N9, which has killed around a quarter of those infected.
Pandemic risk
Scientists who have studied the new H10N8 virus say it has evolved some genetic characteristics that may allow it to replicate efficiently in humans.
The concern is that it could ultimately be able to spread from person to person, although experts stress that there is no evidence of this yet.
Dr Mingbin Liu from Nanchang City Centre for Disease Control and Prevention said: "A second case of H10N8 was identified in Jiangxi province, China, on 26 January 2014. This is of great concern because it reveals that the H10N8 virus has continued to circulate and may cause more human infections in future."
Ducks at poultry marketExperts believe the source of infection may have been contaminated poultry at a market
Dr Linda Klavinskis, senior lecturer in immunobiology at King's College London, said there was no immediate threat.

Bird flu

  • Bird flu or avian influenza is an infectious disease of birds caused by type A strains of the influenza virus
  • These viruses do not normally infect humans, but some particularly virulent strains, such as H10N8, can and will
  • In most cases, the people infected had been in close contact with infected poultry or with objects contaminated by their faeces
  • There is concern that the virus could mutate to become more easily transmissible between humans, raising the possibility of an influenza pandemic
Dr John McCauley, director of the WHO[World Health Organization] Collaborating Centre for Influenza, MRC [Medical Research Council] National Institute for Medical Research, said: "The potential epidemiological significance of this zoonotic infection is not clear. Avian influenza viruses of the sub-type H10N8 are probably not particularly unusual. Whether there were complications in this case is unclear.
"This case reminds us to be aware of human infections from animal influenza viruses, like the H7N9 cases in China which increase daily. Previously we did not think that H7N9 infections might be so lethal. Now we also must consider H10N8 infections as well."
Dr Jeremy Farrar, director of the Wellcome Trust, said: "We should always be worried when viruses cross the species barrier from birds or animals to humans as it is very unlikely that we will have prior immunity to protect us.
"We should be especially worried when those viruses show characteristics that suggest they have the capacity to replicate easily or to be virulent or resistant to drugs. This virus ticks several of these boxes and therefore is a cause for concern."
Are you in China? Or have you recently visited? How concerned are you about the spread of the virus? Send us your comments using the form below.

Friday 1 November 2013

Poultry markets in China 'are vast bird flu reservoir'

Poultry markets in China 'are vast bird flu reservoir'

Live poultry market

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Closing live poultry markets in China dramatically curtailed the spread of a novel strain of bird flu this year, according to an analysis.
The report, published in the Lancet, showed shutting the markets cut the number of new cases of H7N9 bird flu by 97%.
It said the future of the markets, a millennia-old culture in China, needed to be reassessed.
Experts said the markets can become a reservoir of viruses.
There have been 137 cases of H7N9 bird flu and 45 deaths, according to the World Health Organization.
However, most were in the months immediately after the virus was found to be moving from infecting animals to people.
'Robust evidence' Live poultry markets rapidly became linked with the outbreak. Nearly 800 markets were then shut across Shanghai, Hangzhou, Huzhou, and Nanjing.
It allowed scientists to analyse the role of the markets in the spread of the virus.
Dr Benjamin Cowling, one of the researchers at the University of Hong Kong, said: "Our findings confirm that live poultry market closure is a highly effective intervention to prevent human disease and protect public health.

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The H7N9 virus has continued to circulate and now has the potential to re-emerge in a new outbreak of human disease this winter”
End Quote Dr Benjamin Cowling University of Hong Kong
"Without this robust evidence, policymakers would struggle to justify further closures of live poultry markets because of the millennia-old culture of trading live birds and the potential huge economic loss on the poultry industry in China."
The Lancet report said the markets should be "rapidly" closed in areas where the bird flu emerged and that discussions on the role of the markets "should be renewed".
Guillaume Fournie and Dirk Pfeiffer, of the Royal Veterinary College in the UK, said: "If birds spend a sufficient amount of time in live poultry markets to become infected and transmit the virus to other susceptible birds, sustained virus circulation in the live poultry markets can occur.
"Live poultry markets can then become a permanent source of infection for poultry flocks and for people who are in loose contact with infected poultry."
Two cases of H7N9 bird flu have been reported in October.
Dr Cowling said: "These are the first laboratory-confirmed cases of H7N9 this autumn, five months after the outbreak earlier in 2013.
"This is of great concern because it reveals that the H7N9 virus has continued to circulate and now has the potential to re-emerge in a new outbreak of human disease this winter."

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Tuesday 29 January 2013

Two more children have died in Cambodia of bird flu

imageAssociated Press

Agence France-Presse/Getty Images


PHNOM PENH, Cambodia—Two more children have died in Cambodia of bird flu, bringing the number of fatal cases this year to four and the number of cases overall to five.
The Cambodian office of the U.N.'s World Health Organization said a 17-month-old girl from central Kampong Speu province and a 9-year-old girl from southern Kampot province died Monday after being hospitalized.
A Cambodian woman buys chicken at a market in Phnom Penh on Tuesday.
That followed a report Friday of three new human cases, two of them fatal, in the first three weeks of this year. That was already as many cases as the Southeast Asian country reported in all of 2012. All three cases last year were fatal, as have been 23 of the 26 cases reported since 2005.
WHO says bird flu, also known as avian influenza, or H5N1, has killed 360 other people worldwide since surfacing in 2003. Most human cases have been linked to contact with infected poultry.
Friday WHO and Cambodia's health ministry announced that a 15-year-old girl in a village in southeastern Takeo province and a 35-year-old man in central Kampong Speu province had died. An 8-month-old boy in the capital, Phnom Penh, was treated and survived.
The disease remains hard for people to catch, but experts fear it could mutate into a more deadly form that spreads easily from person to person. So far, most human cases have been linked to contact with infected poultry.
Last week, international scientists who last year halted controversial research with the deadly bird flu virus said they were resuming their work as countries adopt new rules to ensure safety.
An outcry had erupted when two labs in the Netherlands and the U.S. reported they had created easier-to-spread versions of bird flu. Amid fierce debate about the oversight of such research and whether it might aid terrorists, those scientists voluntarily halted further work last January.
Those scientists announced Wednesday they were ending their moratorium now that health authorities have had time to determine how they will oversee high-stakes research involving dangerous germs. Several countries have already issued new rules.

In letters published in the journals Science and Nature this week, scientists wrote that those who meet their country's requirements have a responsibility to resume studying how the bird flu might mutate to become a bigger threat

Monday 6 February 2012

Bird flu 'censorship'


Bird flu 'censorship' decision

Two scientific research teams have modified influenza strains to create mutant avian influenza viruses that can be transmitted efficiently between mammals. In one case, the virus remained highly pathogenic.A group which advises the US government on biosecurity has explained why it wants two research papers on H5N1 bird flu to be censored.
H5N1 under the microscopeThe US National Science Advisory Board for Biosecurity (NSABB) said publishing the work in full holds significant potential for harm.
The board explains that its main concern was that publishing the experiments in detail could help someone to develop viruses for harmful purposes.
But it acknowledges the work holds "clear benefits" in alerting humanity to the potential H5N1 threat, and that it could lead to greater preparation and potential development of novel strategies for disease control.
The board states that by recommending that the basic results be communicated without methods or details, the benefits to society will be maximised and the risks minimised.
Together with the release of this official statement, the journal Nature has also published a Q&A with the acting chair of the NSABB.
In it, he explains in more detail why they have recommended redaction for the paper in press at Nature even though the modified H5N1 virus that it describes is not highly pathogenic.
A copy of the NSABB Comment can be viewed on the Nature press site, and at: Policy Adaptations of avian flu virus are a cause for concern.
Nature's Q&A article is also on the Nature press site and is available here: Q&A Reasons for proposed redaction of flu paper Nature Nature Publishing Group.

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